Substantive Equality

Religious Autonomy and Genuine Occupational Requirements: The CJEU’s Judgment in Katholische Schwangerschaftsberatung v JB

Religious Autonomy and Genuine Occupational Requirements: The CJEU’s Judgment in Katholische Schwangerschaftsberatung v JB

In Katholische Schwangerschaftsberatung v JB the CJEU returned to consider the question of how to balance the right of religious organisations to religious autonomy with the right of their staff...
Love under Watch: Gujarat’s Marriage Amendment and the Limits of Personal Freedom

Love under Watch: Gujarat’s Marriage Amendment and the Limits of Personal Freedom

The recent proposed amendment to Gujarat’s Registration of Marriages Act, 2006, is a troubling expansion of state involvement in the most private and intimate choices of adult citizens. Under the...
Timidly Groundbreaking: The Indian Supreme Court’s Judgement on the Right to Menstrual Health

Timidly Groundbreaking: The Indian Supreme Court’s Judgement on the Right to Menstrual Health

“We wish to communicate to every girl child who might have become a victim of absenteeism because her body was perceived as a burden, that the fault is not hers.”...
Transgender Rights in Employment after Jane Kaushik v. Union of India: A Socio-Legal Analysis of the Supreme Court’s Ruling

Transgender Rights in Employment after Jane Kaushik v. Union of India: A Socio-Legal Analysis of the Supreme Court’s Ruling

In October 2025, in Jane Kaushik v Union of India, the Indian Supreme Court confronted a form of exclusion that has become routine rather than exceptional. A transgender teacher was...
Reassessing Corporate Due Diligence Standards in Dual-Use Technology Supply Chains

Reassessing Corporate Due Diligence Standards in Dual-Use Technology Supply Chains

Amnesty International’s recent report “Shadows of Control” documents how companies from Germany, the UAE, Canada, China, the US, and France have supplied surveillance and censorship technologies to Pakistan: technologies now...
Climate Change and the Erosion of Children’s Rights in Bangladesh

Climate Change and the Erosion of Children’s Rights in Bangladesh

In 2023, the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child issued General Comment No. 26, recognising climate change and environmental degradation as urgent and systemic threats to children’s rights....
Connectivity Without Access: How Nepal’s Social Media Ban Strips Substance from the Right to Internet Access

Connectivity Without Access: How Nepal’s Social Media Ban Strips Substance from the Right to Internet Access

In September 2025, Nepal faced massive public protests triggered by a ban on social media apps and websites, where a total of 26 applications were taken down. The protests turned...
Invisible Deaths: The Case for a National Disability Mortality Registry in India

Invisible Deaths: The Case for a National Disability Mortality Registry in India

In July 2024, Delhi witnessed the death of 14 residents at Asha Kiran Shelter, a state-run residential institution for persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities. These deaths, linked to anaemia,...
Legislation Meets Compassion: Frontline Workers Fighting Child Sexual Abuse

Legislation Meets Compassion: Frontline Workers Fighting Child Sexual Abuse

Child sexual abuse (CSA) leaves a profound scar, with physical, psychological, and social impacts. CSA survivors face stigmatization, often leading to emotional withdrawal and behavioural changes. Globally, the UNCRC sets...
Reflecting on the Right to Self-Determination as the Primary Ground for Protection of Indigenous Peoples in Voluntary Isolation and Initial Contact

Reflecting on the Right to Self-Determination as the Primary Ground for Protection of Indigenous Peoples in Voluntary Isolation and Initial Contact

From 21 April to 2 May 2025, the UN Headquarters in New York hosted the 24th session of the United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues (UNPFII) which endorsed the...
How a Caste Census Could Transform India’s Reservation Policies

How a Caste Census Could Transform India’s Reservation Policies

The Indian government recently announced that the next nationwide population census will be conducted in 2026-27, and will include collection of caste data. This was a central issue in the...
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