‘A Victory for Underpaid Workers’: Chief Constable of Northern Ireland v Agnew
The recent Agnew case deals with a technical but practically very important point: if a worker is underpaid by their employer when they take annual leave, how far back in...
Case C-673/20 EP v Préfet du Gers: The Stripping of the Right to Vote
Image description: the Court of Justice of the European Union Ruling of the CJEU After the request for a preliminary ruling from the French tribunal lodged in 2020, the Court...
Israeli Settlements in Occupied Territories: Assessing ‘Continuing Crimes’ Against the Principle of Legality Before the ICC
Image description: Protesters march beneath a banner saying “Freedom for Palestine” On 8 July 2021, a report of the Special Rapporteur on the state of human rights in Palestinian territories...
EU Headscarf Bans: The CJEU’s missed opportunity for reflection on neutrality in IX v Wabe and MH Müller Handels v MJ
The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has been widely criticised for their decisions in the popular ‘headscarf cases’, Achbita and Bougnaoui. The Court in Achbita permitted private...
Religious Discrimination and Headscarves – Take Two
In IX v WABE eV (C‑804/18) and MH Müller Handels GmbH v MJ (C‑341/19), the CJEU returned to the vexed question of religious discrimination and headscarves, last considered in the...
The Achbita case: an Update from Belgium
In 2017 the Court of Justice (ECJ) pronounced its much criticised answers to two preliminary questions concerning headscarves and discrimination, originating from France (Bougnaoui) and Belgium (Achbita). On 12 October...
Intra-Group Discrimination and the CJEU
Does discrimination cover situations in which the differing treatment is imposed on persons within a group sharing a protected characteristic? The Court of Justice of the European Union (the Court)...
CJEU in Kalliri: Solidifying Indirect Sex Discrimination
Does the European Council Directive 76/207 (as amended by Directive 2002/73), which implements the principle of equal treatment between men and women, preclude a national provision which makes admission of...
Searching for Solidarity through Intra-EU Relocation: Slovak Republic & Hungary v. Council of the European Union
The Grand Chamber judgment on 6 September 2017 (Joined Cases of C-643/15 and C-647/15) was eagerly anticipated by many and marked an important contribution to the regional debate on solidarity...
Understanding Direct Discrimination Suffered ‘As a Female Muslim’ in Achbita
The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) delivered its long-awaited decision in Samira Achbita v G4S Secure Solutions NV on 14 March 2017. The referring Court had asked...
Direct Discrimination and Indirect Discrimination: Headscarves and the CJEU
The decision of the CJEU in Achbita has been much anticipated as the first full judgment of the Court on discrimination based on religion and belief under Directive 2000/78. Although...
The Right to be Forgotten: Grappling with Practicalities (Part 2)
In the last post we charted the development of the regulatory environment following the advent of the so-called ‘right to be forgotten’ (RTBF) following the landmark Costeja judgment. In this...
